Sphaerobolus stellatus: Cannonball Mushroom from West Java

Rudy Hermawan; Indra Maulana

doi:10.46638/jmi.v4i2.86

Sphaerobolus stellatus: Cannonball Mushroom from West Java

Rudy Hermawan^(1*), Indra Maulana⁽²⁾

(1) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Dramaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
(2) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Dramaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Cannonball mushroom is known as the unique genera in Basidiomycetes. This micro-mushroom is the first recorded in Indonesia. The specimen was deposited into Herbarium Bogoriense with code BO 24422. The Sphaerobolus was found on the rotten wood in Landscape Arboretum of IPB University. The fruiting body has similar morphology between Geastrum and Pilobolus. The mushroom has an exoperidium (like Geastrum outer) and endoperidium (like Pilobolus head). The basidiospore is hyaline, globose to elongate, and having circular gradation on the surface. Sphaerobolus is known as lignicolous, phototrophic, and sometimes as coprophilous fungus. Sphaerobolus was classified into Geastrales and Sphaerobolaceae. BO 24422 specimen is classified as S. stellatus.

Keywords

Herbarium Bogoriense, lignicolous, phototropic fungi, unusual-shaped mushroom

Full Text:

PDF

References

Birchfield, W., Smith. J. L., Martinez, A., & Matherly, E. P. (1957). Chinese evergreen plants rejected because of glebal masses of Sphaerobolus stellatus on foliage. Plant Disease Reporter, 41. 537-539.

Brantley, E. A., Davis, D. D., & Kuhns, L. J. (2001a). Influence of mulch characteristics on the sporulation of the artillery fungus Sphaerobolus stellatus. J Environ Hort, 19. 89-95.

Brantley, E. A., Davis, D. D., & Kuhns, L. J. (2001b). Biological control of the artillery fungus, Sphaerobolus stellatus, with Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis. J Environ Hort, 19. 21-23.

Buller, A. H. R. (1933). Researches on fungi. Vol. 5. London: Longmans, Green & Co.

Geml, J., Davis, D. D., & Geiser, D. M. (2005a). Phylogenetic analyses reveal deeply divergent species lineages in the genus Sphaerobolus (Phallales: Basidiomycota). Mol Phyl Evol, 35. 313–322.

Geml, J., Davis, D. D., & Geiser, D. M. (2005b).Systematics of the genus Sphaerobolus based on molecular and morphological data, with the description of Sphaerobolus ingoldii sp. nov. Mycologia, 97. 680-694.

Hawksworth, D. L., Kirk, P. M., Sutton, B. C., & Pegler, D. N. (1996). Ainsworth & Bisby's dictionary of the fungi. 8th ed. Oxford University Press Inc, New York.

Hermawan R., Imaningsih, W., & Badruzsaufari. (2020). Mushrooms assumed as Ectomycorrhizal Fungi on South Kalimantan Serpentine Soil. J Mikologi Indonesia, 4. 149-155.

Hosaka, K., Bates, S. T., Beever, R. E., Castellano, M. A., Colgan, I. I. I. W., Dominguez, L. S., Nouhra, E. R., Geml, J., Trappe, J. M. (2006). Molecular phylognetics of the Gomphoid-Phalloid Fungi with an establishment of the new subclass Phallomycetidae and two new orders. Mycologia, 98. 949-959.

Ingold, C. T. (1971). The glebal mass of Sphaerobolus. Trans Br Mycol Soc, 56. 105-113.

Ingold, C. T. (1972). Sphaerobolus: the story of a fungus. Trans Br Mycol Soc, 58. 179-195.

Lehman, R. D. (1985). Black Spots on Houses -- An insect or disease problem? Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture Bureau of Plant Industry, Reg Hort, 11. 15-16.

Leonard, L., & Volk, T. J. (2005). Tom Volk's Fungus of the Month for July 2005, Sphaerobolus stellatus, the cannonball fungus. www.botit.botany.wisc.edu/toms_fungi/jul2005.html (accesed by 2020).

McRitchie, J. J. (1995). Sphaerobolus stellatus on foliage ornamentals. Plant Pathol Cir, 371. 1-2.

Micheli, P. A. (1729). Nova Plantarum Genera. Florence, Italy.

Ulloa, M., & Hanlin, R. T. (2000). Illustrated dictionary of Mycology. APS Press, St Paul Minnesota.

Walker, L. B. (1927). Development and mechanism of discharge in Sphaerobolus iowensis n. sp. and S. stellatus Tode. J. Elisha Mitchell Sci Soc, 12. 151-178.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.46638/jmi.v4i2.86